PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

The initial treatment for a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction focuses on quickly restoring blood flow to the heart muscle and minimizing damage. Administering aspirin and nitroglycerin is a crucial step in this process.

Aspirin is given to inhibit platelet aggregation, which can help prevent further clot formation in the coronary arteries, thereby allowing for better blood flow. Nitroglycerin acts as a vasodilator, helping to relieve chest pain by increasing blood supply to the heart and decreasing myocardial oxygen demand. Together, these medications are essential for managing the acute phase of an MI.

Other options like starting physical therapy or elevating the legs are not appropriate immediate interventions for a patient with an MI. Physical therapy may be beneficial later in the recovery process, but it would not be the first step in treatment during an acute event. Providing oxygen can be part of the management plan, but the immediate focus and widely accepted protocol emphasize aspirin and nitroglycerin as the first line of action to treat an MI effectively.