PN Adult Medical Surgical Practice Exam

After an abdominal paracentesis, which manifestation should the nurse monitor as a potential adverse effect?

1. Increased urinary output.

2. Decreased blood pressure.

3. Changes in the client's sputum.

4. Changes in neurological status.

The correct answer is: Decreased blood pressure.

After an abdominal paracentesis, monitoring for decreased blood pressure is crucial because this procedure involves the removal of fluid from the abdominal cavity, which can lead to shifts in fluid balance. The sudden removal of large volumes of fluid can potentially cause a drop in intravascular volume, leading to decreased perfusion and hypotension. In particular, decreased blood pressure may indicate fluid instability or even the risk of hypovolemic shock if the fluid removal is substantial. It is essential to closely observe the patient for any signs of hypotension, such as dizziness or lightheadedness, especially if a large volume of fluid is removed during the procedure. Overall, this focus helps ensure the patient's safety and the effective management of any adverse effects resulting from the paracentesis. Other manifestations, such as urinary output or neurological changes, may not be directly tied to the procedure and thus, while important to monitor, are not considered the primary risks associated specifically with abdominal paracentesis.