What is a common complication of immobility in patients?

Pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores or decubitus ulcers, are a common complication that arises from immobility in patients. When individuals are unable to move freely, continuous pressure on certain areas of the skin can reduce blood flow to that region, leading to tissue ischemia. Over time, this can cause skin breakdown and ulcer formation, particularly over bony prominences such as heels, elbows, and the sacrum.

Patients who are frequently bedridden or confined to a wheelchair are especially at risk, as they may not shift their weight often enough to relieve pressure on these vulnerable areas. Proper skin care, regular repositioning, and the use of specialized mattresses and cushions are crucial interventions to prevent the development of pressure ulcers in immobile patients.

The other options illustrate outcomes that are generally not associated with immobility. Increased muscle mass, improved circulation, and enhanced respiratory function typically require physical activity and movement, which are inhibited by immobility. Thus, they do not occur in conjunction with the lack of movement and can further highlight the importance of mobility in maintaining overall health.